Which statement correctly describes Lutembacher syndrome?

Which statement correctly describes Lutembacher syndrome?

• A. It is mitral stenosis with ostium secundum ASD
• B. It is mitral stenosis with MR
• C. It is MS with pulmonary embolism
• D. It is aortic stenosis with ASD

Answer: (A)

Lutembacher syndrome refers to the combination of mitral stenosis with an atrial septal defect, most commonly an ostium secundum defect. The narrowed mitral valve raises left atrial pressure, and the ASD provides an escape route for blood to move from the high-pressure left atrium to the right atrium. This left-to-right shunt can decompress the left atrium and lessen pulmonary venous congestion caused by the stenosis. The defect is typically ostium secundum, the most common type of ASD, which is why that pairing is described this way. If pulmonary pressures rise later, the shunt can reverse, potentially leading to paradoxical emboli or cyanosis. The other options describe different combinations that do not define Lutembacher syndrome.

Lutembacher syndrome refers to the combination of mitral stenosis with an atrial septal defect, most commonly an ostium secundum defect. The narrowed mitral valve raises left atrial pressure, and the ASD provides an escape route for blood to move from the high-pressure left atrium to the right atrium. This left-to-right shunt can decompress the left atrium and lessen pulmonary venous congestion caused by the stenosis. The defect is typically ostium secundum, the most common type of ASD, which is why that pairing is described this way. If pulmonary pressures rise later, the shunt can reverse, potentially leading to paradoxical emboli or cyanosis. The other options describe different combinations that do not define Lutembacher syndrome.